Наукові підходи до формування диригентсько-хорової техніки студентів факультетів мистецтв

Abstract

Резюме. У статті розкрито специфіку диригентсько-хорової підготовки студентів факультетів мистецтв з урахуванням сучасних вимог до підготовки конкурентоспроможних фахівців з музичного мистецтва. Розглянуто історичні витоки мистецтва диригування з давніх часів і до появи сучасного професійного диригентського мистецтва з розвинутою диригентською технікою. Розкрито, що диригентська техніка включає вміння хормейстера відтворювати музику, передавати почуття, пропонувати власне бачення музичного твору за допомогою розвинутого диригентського апарату. З’ясовано, що завдяки використанню засобів допоміжної і виразової техніки диригент здійснює емоційно-вольовий вплив на виконавців, надаючи своєму жесту образну конкретність.

Abstract. The article reveals the specifics of conducting and choral training of students of art faculties, taking into account modern requirements for the training of competitive specialists in musical art. The historical origins of the art of conducting from ancient times to the emergence of modern professional conducting art with developed conducting technique are considered. It is revealed that conducting technique includes the ability of the choirmaster to reproduce music, convey feelings, and offer his own vision of a musical work using a developed conducting apparatus. It was found that through the use of auxiliary and expressive techniques, the conductor exerts an emotional and volitional influence on the performers, giving his gesture a figurative concreteness. It was determined that the formation of conducting technique is an important factor in the professional training of students of the faculties of arts and should be based on the introduction of a number of methodological approaches into conducting and choral training: systemic and holistic, personal and reflective and conscious. The systemic and holistic approach allows us to consider conducting technique not as a separate segment of training, but as part of professional activity, where musical, psychological and technical aspects interact within a holistic system to achieve the best learning result. A personal approach to the formation of conducting and choral technique of students of the faculties of arts is aimed at revealing the individual creative potential of each student, increasing his confidence in his own abilities as a leader of a creative team and forming a unique conducting style. A reflective and conscious approach contributes not only to the improvement of the conducting technique of future specialists, but also to the development of communicative skills and artistic thinking, allowing them to be as effective as possible in their rehearsal and performance activities. It has been proven that the comprehensive application of these approaches has a positive effect on the process of forming the conducting and choral technique of students of the faculties of arts.